Document Type
Journal Article
Publication Date
2015
Originally Published In
Trani, J. F., Bakhshi, P., Kuhlberg, J., et al. Mental illness, poverty and stigma in India: a case–control study. BMJ Open 2015;5: e006355. doi:10.1136/ bmjopen-2014-006355
Abstract
Objective: To assess the effect of experienced stigma on depth of multidimensional poverty of persons with severe mental illness (PSMI) in Delhi, India, controlling for gender, age and caste.Design: Matching case (hospital)–control (population) study.Setting: University Hospital (cases) and National Capital Region (controls), India.Participants: A case–control study was conducted from November 2011 to June 2012. 647 cases diagnosed with schizophrenia or affective disorders were recruited and 647 individuals of same age, sex and location of residence were matched as controls at a ratio of 1:2:1. Individuals who refused consent or provided incomplete interview were excluded.Main outcome measures: Higher risk of poverty due to stigma among PSMI.Results: 38.5% of PSMI compared with 22.2% of controls were found poor on six dimensions or more. The difference in multidimensional poverty index was 69% between groups with employment and income of the main contributors. Multidimensional poverty was strongly associated with stigma (OR 2.60, 95% CI 1.27 to 5.31), scheduled castes/scheduled tribes/other backward castes (2.39, 1.39 to 4.08), mental illness (2.07, 1.25 to 3.41) and female gender (1.87, 1.36 to 2.58). A significant interaction between stigma, mental illness and gender or caste indicates female PSMI or PSMI from ‘lower castes’ were more likely to be poor due to stigma than male controls. Conclusions: Public stigma and multidimensional poverty linked to SMI are pervasive and intertwined. In particular for low caste and women, it is a strong predictor of poverty. Exclusion from employment linked to negative attitudes and lack of income are the highest contributors to multidimensional poverty, increasing the ciations between experienced stigma (unfair burden for the family. Mental health professionals need treatment or discrimination due to having a to be aware of and address these issues.
Recommended Citation
Trani, Jean-Francois; Bakhshi, Parul; Kuhlberg, Jill; Narayanan, Sreelatha S.; Venkataraman, Hemalatha; Mishra, Nagendra N.; Groce, Nora E.; Jadhav, Sushrut; and Deshpande, Smita, "Mental illness, poverty and stigma in India: a case–control study" (2015). Brown School Faculty Publications. 44.
https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/brown_facpubs/44