Author's School

Arts & Sciences

Author's Department

Biology

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

3-31-2016

Originally Published In

Evolution. 2016 Apr;70(4):848-59. doi: 10.1111/evo.12895.

Abstract

Cooperation among microbes is important for traits as diverse as antibiotic resistance, pathogen virulence, and sporulation. The evolutionary stability of cooperation against “cheater” mutants depends critically on the extent to which microbes interact with genetically similar individuals. The causes of this genetic social structure in natural microbial systems, however, are unknown. Here, we show that social structure among cooperative Dictyostelium amoebae is driven by the population ecology of colonization, growth, and dispersal acting at spatial scales as small as fruiting bodies themselves. Despite the fact that amoebae disperse while grazing, all it takes to create substantial genetic clonality within multicellular fruiting bodies is a few millimeters distance between the cells colonizing a feeding site. Even adjacent fruiting bodies can consist of different genotypes. Soil populations of amoebae are sparse and patchily distributed at millimeter scales. The fine-scale spatial structure of cells and genotypes can thus account for the otherwise unexplained high genetic uniformity of spores in fruiting bodies from natural substrates. These results show how a full understanding of microbial cooperation requires understanding ecology and social structure at the small spatial scales microbes themselves experience.

Comments

Final author manuscript version; © 2016 the Authors of article published in Evolution. 2016 Apr;70(4):848-59. doi: 10.1111/evo.12895.

Embargo Period

3-31-2017

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