Abstract

Flexible behavior requires the brain to maintain information while selecting actions according to context. The primate prefrontal cortex (PFC) has been implicated in both working memory and cognitive control, yet how contextual and stimulus information coexist in neural population activity remains unclear. In this dissertation, I investigate contextual coding in macaque PFC using extracellular spike recordings during goal-directed tasks. In Chapter 2, animals performed two spatial working-memory tasks with opposing goals. Despite these opposing demands, spatial information was represented in a shared low-dimensional neural subspace across both tasks, whereas task identity was encoded in an orthogonal subspace, indicating that contextual and stimulus information can be simultaneously represented without interference in the PFC. In Chapter 3, we extended this approach to six tasks and recorded large neural populations in the PFC using high-density probes. Task information was represented in preparatory population activity with a systematic geometry in neural subspace that generalized across different PFC neural populations. Task representations evolved dynamically across tasks while remaining stable within each task, consistent with behavioral dynamics. Together, these findings provide insight into how the PFC supports flexible, goal-directed behavior.

Committee Chair

Lawrence Snyder

Committee Members

Edward Han; Gaia Tavoni; Lucas Pinto; ShiNung Ching

Degree

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Author's Department

Biology & Biomedical Sciences (Neurosciences)

Author's School

Graduate School of Arts and Sciences

Document Type

Dissertation

Date of Award

4-22-2026

Language

English (en)

Available for download on Friday, April 21, 2028

Included in

Neurosciences Commons

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